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Background
This framework has been developed as the first project result of the Metacognition for
Environmental Thinking in VET project. Within the wider scope and objectives of the MET-VET
project, this project result aims to combine metacognitive competences and environmental
awareness, approach, and action within the context of European vocational education and

training. This will provide a reference point for learners to understand the core metacognitive
competences needed to develop broad environment focused knowledge, skills, and
behaviour, regardless of the specific industry they are training to enter.

What is Metacognition?
Metacognition is the process involved when learners plan, monitor, evaluate and make

changes to their own learning behaviours. Metacognitive awareness gives learners deeper
knowledge of planning, monitoring and reflectively evaluating their own performance which
creates higher levels of self-efficacy.

The below table summarises the levels of metacognitive ability, as described by Perkins, 1992.

Level Definition

Tacit no awareness of learning

aware learning is taking place but no active
Aware
impact on own learning
actively guiding and instilling your values and
Strategic
beliefs in your own learning
learning from your own learning process and
Reflective
improving your learning strategy
Table 1: Adapted from 'four levels of metacognitive learners: tacit; aware; strategic; reflective'; Perkins (1992).

Metacognition is a proven tool for integrating positive behaviours into a person’s approach,
used in all levels and forms of education, and learners who apply more metacognitive
strategies are more autonomous and self-motivated students.

Methodology
The framework was developed through a systematic review of existing metacognitive
competencies in each partner country, in which the partnership conducted research of
literature focusing on the topic of metacognitive skills providing results finally summarised
into 8 metacognitive competences. Cuiablue OÜ provided a research template and set out
the guidelines of the desk research to gather the state of the art in metacognitive
competences.

Cuiablue OÜ carried out an analysis of metacognitive competences gathered by partners and
grouped them together to arrive at 8 metacognitive competences, broadly covering all
current metacognitive competences assessed by partners. These are:

1. Planning

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MET-VET: Metacognition for Environmental Thinking in VET
KA220-VET-73F8B619